Oncologist Reveals Top 5 Factors Behind India's Cancer Deaths Surge

India is facing an escalating cancer crisis, with projections indicating a significant rise in cases. By 2025, the number of cancer cases in the country is expected to reach 1.57 million, up from 1.46 million in 2022. Dr. Jayesh Sharma, a distinguished cancer surgeon, has highlighted the primary reasons behind cancer-related deaths in India.

Dr. Sharma emphasized that addressing these issues proactively can significantly mitigate the problem. He identified five key factors contributing to the increasing number of cancer fatalities in India:

1. Tobacco Use: A Leading Cause

Tobacco consumption remains a major driver of cancer deaths, both globally and in India. Dr. Sharma stated that the use of tobacco products, including cigarettes, chewing tobacco, hookah, and khaini, substantially increases the risk of developing cancer.

He further noted that approximately 120,000 lives are lost annually in India due to tobacco-related cancers. Lung, mouth, and throat cancers are among the most prevalent, impacting both users and those exposed to secondhand smoke.

2. HPV: A Significant Contributor

Human Papillomavirus (HPV) is a major cause of cancer, particularly cervical cancer. Dr. Sharma also pointed out that HPV contributes to cancers of the mouth and throat. The virus spreads primarily through unsafe sexual practices and inadequate menstrual hygiene.

Vaccination against HPV, coupled with education on safe hygiene practices, is crucial for reducing cancer rates associated with this virus.

3. Alcohol Consumption: Fueling the Rise

The increasing rate of alcohol consumption in India is contributing to the surge in cancer cases. Dr. Sharma emphasized that alcohol not only damages the liver but also increases the risk of cancers in the mouth, throat, esophagus, and stomach.

Limiting or abstaining from alcohol intake is essential for cancer prevention.

4. Obesity: A Growing Concern

While obesity is not as prevalent in India as in Western countries, it still accounts for a significant percentage of cancer cases. Dr. Sharma noted that obesity is responsible for approximately 15% of cancers worldwide.

Excess body weight is linked to various types of cancer, including breast, colon, and endometrium cancers. Although traditional Indian diets, rich in whole grains and vegetables, offer some protection, rising urbanization and sedentary lifestyles are contributing to increasing obesity rates. Maintaining a healthy weight through proper diet and regular exercise is crucial for reducing this risk.

5. Poor Diet: A Preventable Risk Factor

Despite the prevalence of home-cooked meals in India, nutritional deficiencies remain a concern. Consuming a well-balanced and nutritious diet, tailored to individual health needs, is vital for cancer prevention.

Dr. Sharma highlighted that incorporating foods rich in antioxidants and fiber is essential. He also noted that poor diet is currently the fifth leading cause of cancer in India, primarily because a significant portion of the population still relies on home-cooked food.